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# For R Basics ###################################################################
3 + 4; 3^2
a = 5; a
a + b
b <- 5; b
c = 1:10; c
d = rep("abc", 10); d
e = "Hello"; e
f = rep(e, a); f
g = factorial(a); g
h = paste(e, ", Mr. Kim"); h
i = NA; i; is.na(i); is.null(i); # NA = Missing Value ("Not Available")
j = NULL; j; is.na(j); is.null(j); # NULL = Undefined Value
# For Vectors ###################################################################
# Numeric Vector
numKoreanScore = c(80.5, 90.1, 80.0, 55.3, 100, 98)
numEnglishScore = c(78, 88.4, 67.5, 33.3, 95, 92)
numMathematicsScore = c(56, 90, 78.5, 43.8, 98.1, 100)
# Character Vector
chrSubjects = c("Korean", "English", "Mathematics")
# Logical Vector
logicData = c(TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE)
# Mixed Vector --> All changed to Charater Values
mixData = c(1, 3, -0.5, "English", TRUE); mixData
numKoreanScore
numKoreanScore[1]; numKoreanScore[3:5]; numKoreanScore[c(3, 5)]
is.vector(numKoreanScore); is.na(numKoreanScore); is.null(numKoreanScore);
is.numeric(numKoreanScore); is.numeric(chrSubjects); is.numeric(logicData);
is.character(numKoreanScore); is.character(chrSubjects); is.character(logicData);
is.logical(numKoreanScore); is.logical(chrSubjects); is.logical(logicData);
mean(numKoreanScore); sd(numKoreanScore); length(numKoreanScore)
mean(numEnglishScore); sd(numEnglishScore); length(numEnglishScore)
mean(numMathematicsScore); sd(numMathematicsScore); length(numMathematicsScore)
# For Matrix #####################################################################
numKoreanScore = c(80.5, 90.1, 80.0, 55.3, 100, 98)
numEnglishScore = c(78, 88.4, 67.5, 33.3, 95, 92)
numMathematicsScore = c(56, 90, 78.5, 43.8, 98.1, 100)
txtNames = c("EBKim", "GDJin", "JBPark", "IHYou", "JHWon", "SJChoi")
# Binding different type of vectors to make a matrix variable.
tableScores = cbind(txtNames, numKoreanScore, numEnglishScore, numMathematicsScore)
tableScores # All values were character values.
# Different way
tableScores = cbind(numKoreanScore, numEnglishScore, numMathematicsScore)
rownames(tableScores) = txtNames
tableScores
# Changing Column Names
txtColNames = c("Korean", "English", "Math")
colnames(tableScores) = txtColNames
tableScores
# Making a matrix using a single vector
numData = 1:96
matrixNew = matrix(numData, ncol=12); matrixNew # Filed by Columns
matrixNew = matrix(numData, nrow=8); matrixNew # Filed by Columns
matrixNew = matrix(numData, ncol=12, byrow=TRUE); matrixNew # Filed by Rows
# With row names and col names
rowNames = paste("Gene", 1:8, sep=""); rowNames
colNames = paste("Sample", 1:12, sep=""); colNames
matrixNew = matrix(numData, ncol=12, byrow=TRUE, dimnames=list(rowNames, colNames)); matrixNew
# get values and set values
matrixNew[4, 5]
matrixNew[4, 5] = 999; matrixNew[4, 5]
matrixNew[4, 1:5]
matrixNew[4, ]
matrixNew[,5]
# For Data Frame ##################################################################
numKoreanScore = c(80.5, 90.1, 80.0, 55.3, 100, 98)
numEnglishScore = c(78, 88.4, 67.5, 33.3, 95, 92)
numMathematicsScore = c(56, 90, 78.5, 43.8, 98.1, 100)
txtNames = c("EBKim", "GDJin", "JBPark", "IHYou", "JHWon", "SJChoi")
dfData = data.frame(txtNames, numKoreanScore, numEnglishScore, numMathematicsScore)
dfData # Different data types are included within the same data frame object.
colnames(dfData) = c("Names", "Korean", "English", "Math")
dfData
# Subset of the data
dfData[,"Names"]
dfData[,1]
dfData["Names"]
dfData[1]
dfData[c("Names", "Math")]
dfData[c(1,4)]
dfData$Names
paste("Hello, ", dfData$Names, sep="")
# For List Object ##################################################################
numEng1 = c(78, 88.4, 67.5, 33.3, 95, 92)
numData1 = 1:36; matNew1 = matrix(numData1, ncol=12)
listData1 = list(txtClassTeacher="EBKim", numEngScores = numEng1,
matrixData = matNew1, numTeacherHeight = 180.2)
listData1
listData1$txtClassTeacher
numEng2 = c(48, 39, 98, 64, 78)
numData2 = 1:48; matNew2 = matrix(numData2, ncol=12)
listData2 = list(txtClassTeacher="GDHong", numEngScores = numEng2,
matrixData = matNew2, numTeacherHeight = 175.4)
# list of lists
listAll = c(listData1, listData2)
listAll
listAll[2]
listAll[5]
listAll$txtClassTeacher
listAll$numEngScores
listAll$numEngScores[3]
listAll[["txtClassTeacher"]]
# For Factors ##################################################################
txtGender = c("Female", "Male", "Female", "Male", "Female",
"Female", "Female", "Female", "Male");
txtGender
summary(txtGender)
factorGender = factor(txtGender)
factorGender
summary(factorGender) # sorted by the Alphabetical order
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